Numbers and their operations

  • primes and prime factorisation

  • finding highest common factor (HCF) and lowest common multiple (LCM), squares, cubes, square roots and cube roots by prime factorisation

  • negative numbers, integers, rational numbers, real numbers, and their four operations

  • calculations with calculator

  • representation and ordering of numbers on the number line

  • use of the symbols <, >, ⩽, ⩾

  • approximation and estimation (including rounding off numbers to a required number of decimal places or significant figures and estimating the results of computation)

  • use of standard form A × 10^n, where n is an integer, and 1 ⩽ A < 10

  • positive, negative, zero and fractional indices

  • laws of indices